Ruby on Rails, PHP, Web2.0

refresh a page in PHP

2006-08-23T00:40:00.000-07:00

########## mymeta.php ##############
<html>
<head>
<meta HTTP-EQUIV="refresh" content=5;url="bye.html">
</head>
<body>
<h1>hello</h1>
</body>
</html>
############### bye.html ############
<html>
<h2>BYE</h2>
</html>

meta HTTP-EQUIV="refresh" is going to take same action on the browser as an HTTP header takes.
content =5 i.e 5 seconds
url: the page u want after 5 seconds.

Create Database/Table With PHP

2006-08-22T06:46:00.000-07:00

include 'config.php';
include 'opendb.php';

$query = "CREATE DATABASE rajdb";
$result = mysql_query($query);

include 'closedb.php';
?>

OR
PHP also provide a function to create MySQL database, mysql_create_db(). This function is deprecated though. It is better to use mysql_query() to execute an SQL CREATE DATABASE statement instead like the above example.

include 'config.php';
include 'opendb.php';

mysql_create_db('rajdb');

include 'closedb.php';
?>

Creating Table using PHP Code

include 'config.php';
include 'opendb.php';

$query = 'CREATE DATABASE rajdb';
$result = mysql_query($query);

mysql_select_db('rajdb') or die('Cannot select database');

$query = 'CREATE TABLE info( '.
'infoid INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, '.
'name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, '.
'PRIMARY KEY(infoid))';

$result = mysql_query($query);

include 'closedb.php';
?>

Deleting a Database:

$query = 'DROP DATABASE rajdb';
$result = mysql_query($query);

PDF generation in PHP without any Library

2006-08-08T06:47:00.000-07:00

####### PDF.php ##########
/**
* PDF::
*
* The PDF:: class provides a PHP-only implementation of a PDF library.
* No external libs or PHP extensions are required.
*
* Based on the FPDF class by Olivier Plathey (http://www.fpdf.org) and the
* Horde Framework PDF package (http://www.horde.org)
*
* Copyright 2003 Marko Djukic
* Copyright 2003 Olivier Plathey
*
* See the enclosed file COPYING for license information (LGPL). If you did not
* receive this file, see http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/lgpl.html.
*
* @author Olivier Plathey
* @author Marko Djukic
*/

class PDF {

var $_buffer = ''; // Buffer holding in-memory PDF.
var $_state = 0; // Current document state.
var $_page = 0; // Current page number.
var $_n = 2; // Current object number.
var $_offsets = array(); // Array of object offsets.
var $_pages = array(); // Array containing the pages.
var $_w; // Page width in points.
var $_h; // Page height in points
var $_fonts = array(); // An array of used fonts.
var $_font_family = ''; // Current font family.
var $_font_style = ''; // Current font style.
var $_current_font; // Array with current font info.
var $_font_size = 12; // Current font size in points.
var $_compress; // Flag to compress or not.
var $_core_fonts = array('courier' => 'Courier',
'courierB' => 'Courier-Bold',
'courierI' => 'Courier-Oblique',
'courierBI' => 'Courier-BoldOblique',
'helvetica' => 'Helvetica',
'helveticaB' => 'Helvetica-Bold',
'helveticaI' => 'Helvetica-Oblique',
'helveticaBI' => 'Helvetica-BoldOblique',
'times' => 'Times-Roman',
'timesB' => 'Times-Bold',
'timesI' => 'Times-Italic',
'timesBI' => 'Times-BoldItalic',
'symbol' => 'Symbol',
'zapfdingbats' => 'ZapfDingbats');
var $_fill_color = '0 g'; // Color used on text and fills.
var $_draw_color = '0 G'; // Line draw color.
var $_line_width = 1; // Drawing line width.
var $_images = array(); // An array of used images.

/**
* Attempts to return a conrete PDF instance. It allows to set up the page
* format, the orientation and the units of measurement used in all the
* methods (except for the font sizes).
*
* Example:
* $pdf = &PDF::factory('P', 'A4');
*
* @access public
*
* @param optional string $orientation Default page orientation.
* Possible values are (case
* insensitive):
* - P or Portrait (default)
* - L or Landscape
* @param optional mixed format The format used for pages. It can
* be either one of the following
* values (case insensitive):
* - A3
* - A4 (default)
* - A5
* - Letter
* - Legal
* or a custom format in the form of
* a two-element array containing the
* width and the height (expressed in
* the unit given by unit).
*/
function &factory($orientation = 'P', $format = 'A4')
{
/* Create the PDF object. */
$pdf = &new PDF();

/* Page format. */
$format = strtolower($format);
if ($format == 'a3') { // A3 page size.
$format = array(841.89, 1190.55);
} elseif ($format == 'a4') { // A4 page size.
$format = array(595.28, 841.89);
} elseif ($format == 'a5') { // A5 page size.
$format = array(420.94, 595.28);
} elseif ($format == 'letter') { // Letter page size.
$format = array(612, 792);
} elseif ($format == 'legal') { // Legal page size.
$format = array(612, 1008);
} else {
die(sprintf('Unknown page format: %s', $format));
}
$pdf->_w = $format[0];
$pdf->_h = $format[1];

/* Page orientation. */
$orientation = strtolower($orientation);
if ($orientation == 'l' || $orientation == 'landscape') {
$w = $pdf->_w;
$pdf->_w = $pdf->_h;
$pdf->_h = $w;
} elseif ($orientation != 'p' && $orientation != 'portrait') {
die(sprintf('Incorrect orientation: %s', $orientation));
}

/* Turn on compression by default. */
$pdf->setCompression(true);

return $pdf;
}

/**
* Activates or deactivates page compression. When activated, the internal
* representation of each page is compressed, which leads to a compression
* ratio of about 2 for the resulting document.
* Compression is on by default.
* Note: the Zlib extension is required for this feature. If not present,
* compression will be turned off.
*
* @param bool $compress Boolean indicating if compression must be
* enabled or not.
*/
function setCompression($compress)
{
/* If no gzcompress function is available then default to
* false. */
$this->_compress = (function_exists('gzcompress') ? $compress : false);
}

/**
* This method begins the generation of the PDF document; it must be
* called before any output commands. No page is created by this method,
* therefore it is necessary to call PDF::addPage.
*
* @access public
*/
function open()
{
$this->_state = 1; // Set state to initialised.
$this->_out('%PDF-1.3'); // Output the PDF header.
}

/**
* Adds a new page to the document. The font which was set before calling
* is automatically restored. There is no need to call PDF::setFont again
* if you want to continue with the same font.
*
* @access public
*/
function addPage()
{
$this->_page++; // Increment page count.
$this->_pages[$this->_page] = ''; // Start the page buffer.
$this->_state = 2; // Set state to page
// opened.
/* Check if font has been set before this page. */
if ($this->_font_family) {
$this->setFont($this->_font_family, $this->_font_style, $this->_font_size);
}
/* Check if fill color has been set before this page. */
if ($this->_fill_color != '0 g') {
$this->_out($this->_fill_color);
}
/* Check if draw color has been set before this page. */
if ($this->_draw_color != '0 G') {
$this->_out($this->_draw_color);
}
/* Check if line width has been set before this page. */
if ($this->_line_width != 1) {
$this->_out($this->_line_width);
}
}

/**
* Sets the font used to print character strings. It is mandatory to call
* this method at least once before printing text or the resulting
* document would not be valid. The font must be a standard one. Standard
* fonts use Windows encoding cp1252 (Western Europe).
* The method can be called before the first page is created and the font
* is retained from page to page.
* If you just wish to change the current font size, it is simpler to call
* PDF::setFontSize.
*
* @access public
*
* @param string $family Family font. It must be one of the
* standard families (case insensitive):
* - Courier (fixed-width)
* - Helvetica or Arial (sans serif)
* - Times (serif)
* - Symbol (symbolic)
* - ZapfDingbats (symbolic)
* It is also possible to pass an empty
* string. In that case, the current
* family is retained.
* @param optional string $style Font style. Possible values are (case
* insensitive):
* - empty string: regular
* - B: bold
* - I: italic
* or any combination. The default value is
* regular. Bold and italic styles do not
* apply to Symbol and ZapfDingbats.
* @param optional int $size Font size in points. The default value
* is the current size. If no size has been
* specified since the beginning of the
* document, the value taken is 12.
*/
function setFont($family, $style = '', $size = null)
{
$family = strtolower($family);
if ($family == 'arial') { // Use helvetica.
$family = 'helvetica';
} elseif ($family == 'symbol' || // No styles for
$family == 'zapfdingbats') { // these two fonts.
$style = '';
}

$style = strtoupper($style);
if ($style == 'IB') { // Accept any order
$style = 'BI'; // of B and I.
}

if (is_null($size)) { // No size specified,
$size = $this->_font_size; // use current size.
}

if ($this->_font_family == $family && // If font is already
$this->_font_style == $style && // current font
$this->_font_size == $size) { // simply return.
return;
}

/* Set the font key. */
$fontkey = $family . $style;

if (!isset($this->_fonts[$fontkey])) { // Test if cached.
$i = count($this->_fonts) + 1; // Increment font
$this->_fonts[$fontkey] = array( // object count and
'i' => $i, // store cache.
'name' => $this->_core_fonts[$fontkey]);
}

/* Store current font information. */
$this->_font_family = $family;
$this->_font_style = $style;
$this->_font_size = $size;
$this->_current_font = $this->_fonts[$fontkey];

/* Output font information if at least one page has been
* defined. */
if ($this->_page > 0) {
$this->_out(sprintf('BT /F%d %.2f Tf ET', $this->_current_font['i'], $this->_font_size));
}
}

/**
* Defines the size of the current font.
*
* @access public
*
* @param float $size The size (in points).
*/
function setFontSize($size)
{
if ($this->_font_size == $size) { // If already current
return; // size simply return.
}

$this->_font_size = $size; // Set the font.

/* Output font information if at least one page has been
* defined. */
if ($this->_page > 0) {
$this->_out(sprintf('BT /F%d %.2f Tf ET',
$this->_current_font['i'],
$this->_font_size));
}
}

/**
* Sets the fill color. Specifies the color for both filled areas and
* text. Depending on the colorspace called, the number of color component
* parameters required can be either 1, 3 or 4. The method can be called
* before the first page is created and the color is retained from page to
* page.
*
* @access public
*
* @param string $cs Indicates the colorspace which can be either
* 'rgb', 'cmyk' or 'gray'. Defaults to 'rgb'.
* @param float $c1 First color component, floating point value
* between 0 and 1. Required for gray, rgb and
* cmyk.
* @param optional float $c2 Second color component, floating point value
* between 0 and 1. Required for rgb and cmyk.
* @param optional float $c3 Third color component, floating point value
* between 0 and 1. Required for rgb and cmyk.
* @param optional float $c4 Fourth color component, floating point value
* between 0 and 1. Required for cmyk.
*/
function setFillColor($cs = 'rgb', $c1, $c2 = 0, $c3 = 0, $c4 = 0)
{
$cs = strtolower($cs);
if ($cs = 'rgb') {
/* Using a three component RGB color. */
$this->_fill_color = sprintf('%.3f %.3f %.3f rg',
$c1, $c2, $c3);
} elseif ($cs = 'cmyk') {
/* Using a four component CMYK color. */
$this->_fill_color = sprintf('%.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f k',
$c1, $c2, $c3, $c4);
} else {
/* Grayscale one component color. */
$this->_fill_color = sprintf('%.3f g', $c1);
}
/* If document started output to buffer. */
if ($this->_page > 0) {
$this->_out($this->_fill_color);
}
}

/**
* Sets the draw color, used when drawing lines. Depending on the
* colorspace called, the number of color component parameters required
* can be either 1, 3 or 4. The method can be called before the first page
* is created and the color is retained from page to page.
*
* @access public
*
* @param string $cs Indicates the colorspace which can be either
* 'rgb', 'cmyk' or 'gray'. Defaults to 'rgb'.
* @param float $c1 First color component, floating point value
* between 0 and 1. Required for gray, rgb and
* cmyk.
* @param optional float $c2 Second color component, floating point value
* between 0 and 1. Required for rgb and cmyk.
* @param optional float $c3 Third color component, floating point value
* between 0 and 1. Required for rgb and cmyk.
* @param optional float $c4 Fourth color component, floating point value
* between 0 and 1. Required for cmyk.
*/
function setDrawColor($cs = 'rgb', $c1, $c2 = 0, $c3 = 0, $c4 = 0)
{
$cs = strtolower($cs);
if ($cs = 'rgb') {
$this->_draw_color = sprintf('%.3f %.3f %.3f RG',
$c1, $c2, $c3);
} elseif ($cs = 'cmyk') {
$this->_draw_color = sprintf('%.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f K',
$c1, $c2, $c3, $c4);
} else {
$this->_draw_color = sprintf('%.3f G', $c1);
}
/* If document started output to buffer. */
if ($this->_page > 0) {
$this->_out($this->_draw_color);
}
}

/**
* Defines the line width. By default, the value equals 1 pt. The method
* can be called before the first page is created and the value is
* retained from page to page.
*
* @access public
*
* @param float $width The width.
*/
function setLineWidth($width)
{
$this->_line_width = $width;
if ($this->_page > 0) {
$this->_out(sprintf('%.2f w', $width));
}
}

/**
* Prints a character string. The origin is on the left of the first
* character, on the baseline. This method allows to place a string
* precisely on the page.
*
* @access public
*
* @param float $x Abscissa of the origin.
* @param float $y Ordinate of the origin.
* @param string $text String to print.
*/
function text($x, $y, $text)
{
$text = $this->_escape($text); // Escape any harmful
// characters.

$out = sprintf('BT %.2f %.2f Td (%s) Tj ET',
$x, $this->_h - $y, $text);
$this->_out($out);
}

/**
* Prints an image in the page. The upper-left corner and at least one of
* the dimensions must be specified; the height or the width can be
* calculated automatically in order to keep the image proportions.
* Supported format is JPEG.
*
* For JPEG, all flavors are allowed:
* - gray scales
* - true colors (24 bits)
* - CMYK (32 bits)
*
* The format will be inferred from the file extension.
*
* Remark: if an image is used several times, only one copy will be
* embedded in the file.
*
* @access public
*
* @param string $file Name of the file containing the image.
* @param float $x Abscissa of the upper-left corner.
* @param float $y Ordinate of the upper-left corner.
* @param float $width Width of the image in the page. If equal
* to zero, it is automatically calculated
* to keep the original proportions.
* @param optional float $height Height of the image in the page. If not
* specified or equal to zero, it is
* automatically calculated to keep the
* original proportions.
*/
function image($file, $x, $y, $width = 0, $height = 0)
{
if (!isset($this->_images[$file])) {
/* First use of requested image, get the extension. */
if (($pos = strrpos($file, '.')) === false) {
die(sprintf('Image file %s has no extension and no type was specified', $file));
}
$type = strtolower(substr($file, $pos + 1));

/* Check the image type and parse. */
if ($type == 'jpg') {
$info = $this->_parseJPG($file);
} else {
die(sprintf('Unsupported image file type: %s', $type));
}
/* Set the image object id. */
$info['i'] = count($this->_images) + 1;
/* Set image to array. */

$this->_images[$file] = $info;
} else {
$info = $this->_images[$file]; // Known image, retrieve
// from array.
}

/* If not specified, do automatic width and height
* calculations, either setting to original or
* proportionally scaling to one or the other given
* dimension. */
if (empty($width) && empty($height)) {
$width = $info['w'];
$height = $info['h'];
} elseif (empty($width)) {
$width = $height * $info['w'] / $info['h'];
} elseif (empty($height)) {
$height = $width * $info['h'] / $info['w'];
}

$this->_out(sprintf('q %.2f 0 0 %.2f %.2f %.2f cm /I%d Do Q', $width, $height, $x, $this->_h - ($y + $height), $info['i']));
}

/**
* Draws a line between two points.
*
* @access public
*
* @param float $x1 Abscissa of first point.
* @param float $y1 Ordinate of first point.
* @param float $x2 Abscissa of second point.
* @param float $y2 Ordinate of second point.
*
*/
function line($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2)
{
$this->_out(sprintf('%.2f %.2f m %.2f %.2f l S', $x1, $this->_h - $y1, $x2, $this->_h - $y2));
}

/**
* Outputs a rectangle. It can be drawn (border only), filled (with no
* border) or both.
*
* @access public
*
* @param float $x Abscissa of upper left corner.
* @param float $y Ordinate of upper left corner.
* @param float $width Width.
* @param float $height Height.
* @param optional string $style Style of rendering. Possible values are:
* - D or empty string: draw (default)
* - F: fill
* - DF or FD: draw and fill
*/
function rect($x, $y, $width, $height, $style = '')
{
$style = strtolower($style);
if ($style == 'f') {
$op = 'f'; // Style is fill only.
} elseif ($style == 'fd' || $style == 'df') {
$op = 'B'; // Style is fill and stroke.
} else {
$op = 'S'; // Style is stroke only.
}

$this->_out(sprintf('%.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f re %s', $x, $this->_h - $y, $width, -$height, $op));
}

/**
* Outputs a circle. It can be drawn (border only), filled (with no
* border) or both.
*
* @access public
*
* @param float $x Abscissa of the center of the circle.
* @param float $y Ordinate of the center of the circle.
* @param float $r Circle radius.
* @param optional string $style Style of rendering. Possible values are:
* - D or empty string: draw (default)
* - F: fill
* - DF or FD: draw and fill
*/
function circle($x, $y, $r, $style = '')
{
$style = strtolower($style);
if ($style == 'f') {
$op = 'f'; // Style is fill only.
} elseif ($style == 'fd' || $style == 'df') {
$op = 'B'; // Style is fill and stroke.
} else {
$op = 'S'; // Style is stroke only.
}

$y = $this->_h - $y; // Adjust y value.
$b = $r * 0.552; // Length of the Bezier
// controls.
/* Move from the given origin and set the current point
* to the start of the first Bezier curve. */
$c = sprintf('%.2f %.2f m', $x - $r, $y);
$x = $x - $r;
/* First circle quarter. */
$c .= sprintf(' %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f c',
$x, $y + $b, // First control point.
$x + $r - $b, $y + $r, // Second control point.
$x + $r, $y + $r); // Final point.
/* Set x/y to the final point. */
$x = $x + $r;
$y = $y + $r;
/* Second circle quarter. */
$c .= sprintf(' %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f c',
$x + $b, $y,
$x + $r, $y - $r + $b,
$x + $r, $y - $r);
/* Set x/y to the final point. */
$x = $x + $r;
$y = $y - $r;
/* Third circle quarter. */
$c .= sprintf(' %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f c',
$x, $y - $b,
$x - $r + $b, $y - $r,
$x - $r, $y - $r);
/* Set x/y to the final point. */
$x = $x - $r;
$y = $y - $r;
/* Fourth circle quarter. */
$c .= sprintf(' %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f c %s',
$x - $b, $y,
$x - $r, $y + $r - $b,
$x - $r, $y + $r,
$op);
/* Output the whole string. */
$this->_out($c);
}

/**
* Terminates the PDF document. It is not necessary to call this method
* explicitly because PDF::output does it automatically.
* If the document contains no page, PDF::addPage is called to prevent
* from getting an invalid document.
*
* @access public
*/
function close()
{
if ($this->_page == 0) { // If not yet initialised, add
$this->addPage(); // one page to make this a valid
} // PDF.

$this->_state = 1; // Set the state page closed.

/* Pages and resources. */
$this->_putPages();
$this->_putResources();

/* Print some document info. */
$this->_newobj();
$this->_out('<<');
$this->_out('/Producer (My First PDF Class)');
$this->_out(sprintf('/CreationDate (D:%s)',
date('YmdHis')));
$this->_out('>>');
$this->_out('endobj');

/* Print catalog. */
$this->_newobj();
$this->_out('<<');
$this->_out('/Type /Catalog');
$this->_out('/Pages 1 0 R');
$this->_out('/OpenAction [3 0 R /FitH null]');
$this->_out('/PageLayout /OneColumn');
$this->_out('>>');
$this->_out('endobj');

/* Print cross reference. */
$start_xref = strlen($this->_buffer); // Get the xref offset.
$this->_out('xref'); // Announce the xref.
$this->_out('0 ' . ($this->_n + 1)); // Number of objects.
$this->_out('0000000000 65535 f ');
/* Loop through all objects and output their offset. */
for ($i = 1; $i <= $this->_n; $i++) {
$this->_out(sprintf('%010d 00000 n ', $this->_offsets[$i]));
}

/* Print trailer. */
$this->_out('trailer');
$this->_out('<<');
/* The total number of objects. */
$this->_out('/Size ' . ($this->_n + 1));
/* The root object. */
$this->_out('/Root ' . $this->_n . ' 0 R');
/* The document information object. */
$this->_out('/Info ' . ($this->_n - 1) . ' 0 R');
$this->_out('>>');
$this->_out('startxref');
$this->_out($start_xref); // Where to find the xref.
$this->_out('%%EOF');
$this->_state = 3; // Set the document state to
// closed.
}

/**
* Function to output the buffered data to the browser.
*
* @access public
*/
function output($filename)
{
if ($this->_state < 3) { // If document not yet closed
$this->close(); // close it now.
}

/* Make sure no content already sent. */
if (headers_sent()) {
die('Unable to send PDF file, some data has already been output to browser.');
}

/* Offer file for download and do some browser checks
* for correct download. */
$agent = trim($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);
if ((preg_match('|MSIE ([0-9.]+)|', $agent, $version)) ||
(preg_match('|Internet Explorer/([0-9.]+)|', $agent, $version))) {
header('Content-Type: application/x-msdownload');
Header('Content-Length: ' . strlen($this->_buffer));
if ($version == '5.5') {
header('Content-Disposition: filename="' . $filename . '"');
} else {
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . $filename . '"');
}
} else {
Header('Content-Type: application/pdf');
Header('Content-Length: ' . strlen($this->_buffer));
Header('Content-disposition: attachment; filename=' . $filename);
}
echo $this->_buffer;
}

function _out($s)
{
if ($this->_state == 2) {
$this->_pages[$this->_page] .= $s . "\n";
} else {
$this->_buffer .= $s . "\n";
}
}

function _escape($s)
{
$s = str_replace('\\', '\\\\', $s); // Escape any '\\'
$s = str_replace('(', '\$', $s); // Escape any '('
return str_replace(')', '\$', $s); // Escape any ')'
}

function _newobj()
{
/* Increment the object count. */
$this->_n++;
/* Save the byte offset of this object. */
$this->_offsets[$this->_n] = strlen($this->_buffer);
/* Output to buffer. */
$this->_out($this->_n . ' 0 obj');
}

function _putPages()
{
/* If compression is required set the compression tag. */
$filter = ($this->_compress) ? '/Filter /FlateDecode ' : '';
/* Print out pages, loop through each. */
for ($n = 1; $n <= $this->_page; $n++) {
$this->_newobj(); // Start a new object.
$this->_out('< $this->_out('/Parent 1 0 R');
$this->_out('/Resources 2 0 R');
$this->_out('/Contents ' . ($this->_n + 1) . ' 0 R>>');
$this->_out('endobj');

/* If compression required gzcompress() the page content. */
$p = ($this->_compress) ? gzcompress($this->_pages[$n]) : $this->_pages[$n];

/* Output the page content. */
$this->_newobj(); // Start a new object.
$this->_out('<<' . $filter . '/Length ' . strlen($p) . '>>');
$this->_putStream($p); // Output the page.
$this->_out('endobj');
}

/* Set the offset of the first object. */
$this->_offsets[1] = strlen($this->_buffer);
$this->_out('1 0 obj');
$this->_out('< $kids = '/Kids [';
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->_page; $i++) {
$kids .= (3 + 2 * $i) . ' 0 R ';
}
$this->_out($kids . ']');
$this->_out('/Count ' . $this->_page);
/* Output the page size. */
$this->_out(sprintf('/MediaBox [0 0 %.2f %.2f]',
$this->_w, $this->_h));
$this->_out('>>');
$this->_out('endobj');
}

function _putStream($s)
{
$this->_out('stream');
$this->_out($s);
$this->_out('endstream');
}

function _putResources()
{
$this->_putFonts(); // Output any fonts.
$this->_putImages(); // Output any images.

/* Resources are always object number 2. */
$this->_offsets[2] = strlen($this->_buffer);
$this->_out('2 0 obj');
$this->_out('< $this->_out('/Font <<');
foreach ($this->_fonts as $font) {
$this->_out('/F' . $font['i'] . ' ' . $font['n'] . ' 0 R');
}
$this->_out('>>');
if (count($this->_images)) { // Loop through any images
$this->_out('/XObject <<'); // and output the objects.
foreach ($this->_images as $image) {
$this->_out('/I' . $image['i'] . ' ' . $image['n'] . ' 0 R');
}
$this->_out('>>');
}
$this->_out('>>');
$this->_out('endobj');
}

function _putFonts()
{
/* Print out font details. */
foreach ($this->_fonts as $k => $font) {
$this->_newobj();
$this->_fonts[$k]['n'] = $this->_n;
$name = $font['name'];
$this->_out('< $this->_out('/BaseFont /' . $name);
$this->_out('/Subtype /Type1');
if ($name != 'Symbol' && $name != 'ZapfDingbats') {
$this->_out('/Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding');
}
$this->_out('>>');
$this->_out('endobj');
}
}

function _putImages()
{
/* Output any images. */
$filter = ($this->_compress) ? '/Filter /FlateDecode ' : '';
foreach ($this->_images as $file => $info) {
$this->_newobj();
$this->_images[$file]['n'] = $this->_n;
$this->_out('< $this->_out('/Subtype /Image');
$this->_out('/Width ' . $info['w']); // Image width.
$this->_out('/Height ' . $info['h']); // Image height.
$this->_out('/ColorSpace /' . $info['cs']); //Colorspace
if ($info['cs'] == 'DeviceCMYK') {
$this->_out('/Decode [1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0]');
}
$this->_out('/BitsPerComponent ' . $info['bpc']); // Bits
$this->_out('/Filter /' . $info['f']); // Filter used.
$this->_out('/Length ' . strlen($info['data']) . '>>');
$this->_putStream($info['data']); // Image data.
$this->_out('endobj');
}
}

function _parseJPG($file)
{
/* Extract info from the JPEG file. */
$img = @getimagesize($file);
// if (!$img) {
// die(sprintf('Missing or incorrect image file: %s', $file));
// }

/* Check if dealing with an actual JPEG. */
if ($img[2] != 2) {
die(sprintf('Not a JPEG file: %s', $file));
}
/* Get the image colorspace. */
if (!isset($img['channels']) || $img['channels'] == 3) {
$colspace = 'DeviceRGB';
} elseif ($img['channels'] == 4) {
$colspace = 'DeviceCMYK';
} else {
$colspace = 'DeviceGray';
}
$bpc = isset($img['bits']) ? $img['bits'] : 8;

/* Read the whole file. */
$f = fopen($file, 'rb');
$data = fread($f, filesize($file));
fclose($f);

return array('w' => $img[0], 'h' => $img[1], 'cs' => $colspace, 'bpc' => $bpc, 'f' => 'DCTDecode', 'data' => $data);
}
}
?>

################### mypdf.php ########
require 'PDF.php';
$pdf = &PDF::factory('p', 'a4');
$pdf->open();
$pdf->setCompression(true);
$pdf->addPage();

$pdf->setFont('times', '', 15);
$pdf->rect(25,20,350,200,'');
$pdf->text(235,140,' rajesh here ');
$pdf->setFont('Arial', '', 12);
$pdf->text(125,65,'Welcome ');

$pdf->output('try_pdf.pdf');
?>

http://code.google.com/hosting

2006-08-06T23:32:00.000-07:00

Google has launched a beta site service for open source software, called Google Code Project Hosting, available at

Code:

http://code.google.com/hosting

Announced late last week at the O'Reilly Open Source Convention in Portland, Oregon and sporting a tagline of "Release Early, Release Often," Google Code provides space for developers and users to exchange open source software and collaboratively work on projects.

Configuring RoR

2006-07-12T07:40:00.000-07:00

Configuring the Application :
Just follow these steps below:

C:\ruby\work>rails student

C:\ruby\work>cd student

C:\ruby\work\student>mysql -uroot

mysql> show databases;
mysql> create database student;

mysql>use student;

mysql> grant all on student.* to 'root'@'localhost';

mysql> exit

===== here you need to create the sql file i.e create.sql ....\work\student\db\create.sql ===

C:\ruby\work\student>mysql student
C:\ruby\work\student>mysql -uroot

mysql> use student;

mysql> show tables;

mysql> desc participants;

mysql> insert into participants values(111,'satish','pune');

mysql> insert into participants values(222,'rajesh','bangalore');

mysql> select * from participants;

mysql> exit;

Now open a file .........\work\student\config\database.yml
If you are getting database name as student_development
change it from
database: student_development to database: student
and save this file.

Run the weBrick server now by prompting below line:
c:/rails/work/student>ruby script/server

Now scaffold should work:
c:/rails/work/student>ruby script/generate scaffold Participant Admin

Open bowser
http://localhost:3000/student

OR go through this link
http://www.esnips.com/web/Programmingstuff
OR
just click on the icon right side of this blog "rail_config_steps.txt"

PHP_sorting arrays

2006-07-12T05:34:00.000-07:00

========= sorting arrays ==============
sort -- Sort an array
rsort -- Sort an array in reverse order

asort -- Sort an array and maintain index association (no reverse)
arsort -- Sort an array in reverse order and maintain index association
will sort an assositive array --values will be sorted not key
ksort -- Sort an array by key
krsort -- Sort an array by key in reverse order

usort -- Sort an array by values using a user-defined comparison function
uksort -- Sort an array by keys using a user-defined comparison function
========= require and include ===========
require() statement includes and evaluates the specific file.

require() and include() are identical in every way except how they handle failure
include() produces a Warning while require() results in a Fatal Error.

require_once() with the only difference being that if the code from a file has already been included, it will not be included again.

echo VS print in PHP

2006-07-12T05:12:00.000-07:00

Difference btwn echo and print

print() behaves like a function in that you can do: $ret = print "Hello World";And $ret will be 1That means that print can be used as part of a more complex expression where echo cannot
echo is marginally faster since it doesn't set a return value
print is also part of the precedence table where as echo doesnt

echo ("raj"),("php");but you would simply write this as: echo "raj","php"; if you wanted to use two expression. Putting the brackets in there serves no purpose since there is no operator precendence issue with a single expression like that.

Quick Ruby and Ruby on Rails

2006-07-12T02:41:00.000-07:00

Quick Ruby and Ruby on Rails

Overloading Constructors

2006-06-30T07:35:00.000-07:00

I tried the below Pgm. Just help me for my title Qs.
# Constructors can be overloaded or not?

class MotorCycle
#def initialize()
# puts 'no argument'
# end

def initialize(just_one)
puts 'one argument'
end

puts "Just one constructor"
#puts "With Two constructor"
#obj1=MotorCycle.new();
obj2=MotorCycle.new('one');

end

output 1: Putting the # as in above code

C:\ruby\bp>ruby cs.rb
Just one constructor
one argument

output 2: Remove those # in above code

C:\ruby\bp>ruby cs.rb
With Two constructor
cs.rb:12:in `initialize': wrong number of arguments (0 for 1) (ArgumentError)
from cs.rb:12:in `new'
from cs.rb:12

SWAP FILES

2006-06-29T05:24:00.000-07:00

Ruby n RAJ
# swapping the contents of TWO files

# display before swapping
puts'========== BEFORE SWAPPING ============'
f1=File.open('file1.txt','r') do |f1|
puts'FILE1 contents : '
while(line=f1.gets)
puts line
end
end
f2=File.open('file2.txt','r') do |f2|
puts'FILE2 contents : '
while(line=f2.gets)
puts line
end
end

# copy the contents of FILE1 to TEMP_FILE
ftemp=File.open('temp.txt','w') do |ftemp|
f1=File.open('file1.txt','r') do |f1|
while(line=f1.gets)
ftemp.puts line
end
end
end

# copy the contents of FILE2 to FILE1
f1=File.open('file1.txt','w') do |f1|
f2=File.open('file2.txt','r') do |f2|
while(line=f2.gets)
f1.puts line
end
end
end

# copy the contents of TEMP_FILE to FILE2
f2=File.open('file2.txt','w') do |f2|
ftemp=File.open('temp.txt','r') do |ftemp|
while(line=ftemp.gets)
f2.puts line
end
end
end

# display AFTER swapping
puts'========== AFTER SWAPPING ============'
f1=File.open('file1.txt','r') do |f1|
puts'FILE1 contents : '
while(line=f1.gets)
puts line
end
end
f2=File.open('file2.txt','r') do |f2|
puts'FILE2 contents : '
while(line=f2.gets)
puts line
end
end
OUTPUT
C:\ruby\bp>ruby swapcontents.rb
========== BEFORE SWAPPING ============
FILE1 contents :
I want to be a good programmer in RoR
Please help me.
FILE2 contents :
Shall I proceed with Ruby or Not?
========== AFTER SWAPPING ============
FILE1 contents :
Shall I proceed with Ruby or Not?
FILE2 contents :
I want to be a good programmer in RoR
Please help me.

leap-year or not ?

2006-06-28T07:31:00.000-07:00

# Fact: A year is a leap year if it is divisible by 4, unless it is divisible by 100. However, years divisible by 400 are leap years.

puts "Please enter the four digit Year "
year_string = gets.chomp
puts "You have entered , YEAR : " + year_string
# convert the inputted string into integer
year_integer=year_string.to_i

if year_integer<1000
puts "Invalid input!! Please reenter a 4 digit number"
exit
end

if( ( ( year_integer%4==0) and ( year_integer%100 != 0 ) ) or (year_integer%400 == 0 ) )
puts "Its a leap year."
else
puts "Its not a leap year"
end

Ashish's blog

2006-06-27T06:28:00.000-07:00

Ashish's blog: "And how are dates stored?"
Hi Ashish, raj here. Here is your doubt that cheered me while answering.
below is the code for printing date:
------------------------------------
require 'date'

#d = Date.new(2000, 3, 31)
d = Date.today()
puts d
------------------------------------
#To print time:

puts Time.at(0)
#here in bracket you can set the seconds with time. just put some random number n try to analyze output.
------------------------------------

Hi

2006-06-14T03:12:00.000-07:00

Testing my blog